譚偉恩：食品法典委員會 – 帶著貿易自由化的包袱走向不確定的未來

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譚偉恩
A member of the Slow Food NYC

一、前言

1953年，世界衛生大會(World Health Assembly, WHA)鑒於化學物質被廣泛且大量地用於食品製造或加工，並且已成為一項國際性的衛生問題，遂建議將食品添加劑的使用作為研究重點。1955年，隸屬聯合國的糧食暨農業組織(Food and Agriculture, FAO)和世界衛生組織(World Health Organization, WHO)依照WHA的建議於日內瓦召開首次國際食品添加劑會議(Joint FAO/WHO Conference on Food Additives)，會中決定成立食品添加劑聯合專家委員會(Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, JECFA)，此為FAO和WHO第一次針對食品安全問題展開的共同努力。隨後在1961年第11屆的FAO大會以及1963年第16屆WHO大會上，兩個組織分別通過建立食品法典委員會(Codex Alimentarius Commission,以下簡稱Codex)的決議。[1]至此，國際社會第一個政府間協調國際食品標準法規的組織正式成立，其主要功能是保護食品消費者之健康、負責全球食品標準制定之相關協調工作，以及協助國家食品安全制度的建立。

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林宜亭：The European Integration and the Euro Crisis

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Christine I. Lin

The Euro Crisis shocked the world in 2009 after the 2007 global subprime mortgage crisis, but the Euro Crisis seem to be even more severe with its outcome and complicated with its roots out of the single market and common monetary policy of the Eurozone.  The article aims on analysing the main causes of the Euro crisis and the solution to it; in addition, it provides an alternative insight to the solution via the judicial channel of the European Union.

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羅勝軒：美國控訴中國大陸對外國銀行電子支付服務貿易設限案（DS413）WTO爭端解決小組報告簡析

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[1]

羅勝軒*
東吳大學法學院法律學系研究所國際法組碩士
經濟部經貿談判代表辦公室約聘助理秘書

一、     本案當事方：

原告方－美國

被告方－中國大陸

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蔡沛倫：The Olympic Games and Human Rights

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Pei-Lun Tsai
Ph.D. student, School of Law,
University of Nottingham

Sports and human rights, two concepts that seem to have little relevance, are in fact closely linked against the backdrop of the Olympic Movement.  The respect for human rights is embedded in the Olympic Charter and past practice has seen occasional use of the Olympic Games as a vehicle for changes and reform in the field of human rights in host and participating countries.  A recent example saw the International Olympic Committee (IOC) engaged in talks with Saudi Arabia before the commencement of the 2012 London Olympics, urging the country to allow female athletes to compete at the Games.  The contribution below reflects on the relation between the Olympics and human rights with reference to a number of notable examples in this regard.

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林宜亭：The Institutional Changes in the EU after the Treaty of Lisbon

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Christine Ie-Ting Lin
Universiteit Leiden, MIRD

 

To understand the institutional design of the EU, one often encounters the problems on the names of the organs and their competences under the Union.  The institutional design of the EU contains seven main organs of the EU[1], and they fall into three main powers: executive, legislative and judicial, with the control power serves supportive tasks to the Union[2].  This article will examine the changes of the EU after the Treaty of Lisbon[3] came into force in three parts, the balance of power between the executive and legislative, the powers of judicial organ, and the effects given by a new international legal personality after the ToL.

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蔡沛倫：Dispute over the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) and the Plan for Referendum

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Pei-Lun Tsai
Ph.D. student, School of Law,
University of Nottingham

On 12 June 2012, the Falkland Islands Government announced the plan of holding a referendum on the islands’ political status.  Sovereignty over the Falkland Islands, located in the South Atlantic Ocean and with a population of approximately 3,000, has been a subject of long-term dispute between Argentina and the United Kingdom (UK).  This year marks the 30-year anniversary of the Falklands War, the conflict between the two countries that attracted the attention of the international community and the United Nations (UN) Security Council.  Various theories have been put forward to justify the respective claims of sovereignty over the Falkland Islands, among which are some of the modes of acquisition of territory, such as occupation, prescription, and conquest.  The right to self-determination may also be of relevance in light of the Falklanders’ campaign for their entitlement to exercise such a right.

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林宜亭：An Examination on the Integration theories of the European Union

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Christine Ie-Ting Lin

Universiteit Leiden, MIRD

As the integration of Europe has been credited as the most successful experience in regional integration, and with various theories in International Relations attempt on giving the integration process a theoretical discourse, the study of European integration has been thrived ever since, and also taken as the module of other regional integration process.  This essay will discuss the comparative advantages of the theoretical approaches of functionalism, neo-functionalism, and federalism to explain European integration and the enlargement of the European Union[1].  The selection of the theoretical approaches is based on Lelieveldt and Princen’s categorisation of subcategories of European integration study respectively on the integration and political theories of the European integration[2].

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